Site Selection: The 10 Factors That Matter Most

Troy Nash • March 18, 2026

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Every development begins with dirt. Before the financing, before the architecture, before the community meetings, there is a piece of land and a question: is this the right site?

I have evaluated sites from two very different chairs. As Chairman of the Planning, Zoning, and Economic Development Committee on the Kansas City City Council from 2003 to 2007, I presided over the largest economic development boom in the city's history, directly impacting over $10 billion in development. I saw every kind of project come before the committee. I learned what made sites work and what made them fail. Later, as Vice Chairman of the Missouri Housing Development Commission from 2009 to 2017, I reviewed hundreds of LIHTC applications and saw firsthand how site selection determined whether a project scored well enough to get funded.

Today, as a developer building 254 or more affordable housing units across Kansas City and St. Louis, I apply those lessons to every deal we pursue. Here are the 10 factors that matter most.

1. Zoning and Entitlements

Before you fall in love with a site, find out what you are allowed to build on it. Zoning determines density, use, setbacks, height, and parking requirements. If the site is not zoned for your intended use, you are looking at a rezoning process that adds time, cost, and political risk. I chaired the committee that heard those rezoning cases. I can tell you that a project with clean zoning has a fundamentally different trajectory than one that requires a public hearing and a council vote.

Check the entitlements early. Check them thoroughly. And if the zoning does not match your project, factor the time and uncertainty of a change into your decision before you commit.

2. Access to Transit and Infrastructure

For affordable housing, access to public transit is not a luxury. It is a necessity. The families we serve depend on buses, streetcars, and other transit options to get to work, school, and health care. A site that is disconnected from transit is a site that isolates the people it is supposed to help.

Beyond transit, evaluate the existing infrastructure: water, sewer, electrical capacity, road access. Infrastructure deficiencies can add hundreds of thousands of dollars to a project budget. At the City Council, I saw projects stall because developers underestimated the cost of bringing basic infrastructure to a site that looked affordable on paper but was expensive to develop in practice.

3. Proximity to Services and Amenities

State housing finance agencies score LIHTC applications partly on the services and amenities near the proposed site. Grocery stores, pharmacies, schools, health care facilities, and employment centers all matter. At MHDC, I saw applications score poorly because the developer chose a site in a service desert and could not demonstrate that residents would have access to basic needs.

This is also a matter of principle. At The Nash Group, we believe that affordable housing is an essential social determinant of health. If your home life is unstable, everything in your life is going to be unstable. But housing alone is not enough. The site has to connect residents to the services that support healthy, stable lives. That is why the Ville Wellness Campus in North St. Louis integrates 120 affordable housing units with a 45,000 square foot health center. The site was chosen specifically because of the opportunity to co-locate housing and health care.

4. Community Support and Political Will

No factor sinks more projects than community opposition. I have seen it from the council dais and I have seen it from the developer's side. A technically perfect site with hostile neighbors is a site that will cost you time, money, and potentially the project itself.

Do the community engagement before you commit to the site, not after. Talk to neighborhood associations, faith communities, local businesses, and elected officials. Understand the concerns. Address them honestly. When we broke ground on The Mabion in October 2024, Mayor Quinton Lucas and city leaders were at the ceremony. That did not happen by accident. It happened because we invested in the relationships long before we broke ground.

5. Environmental Conditions

Phase I and Phase II environmental assessments are not optional. They are essential. Brownfield sites can be excellent development opportunities, but the remediation costs have to be accounted for in your budget from day one. I have seen developers acquire sites at attractive prices only to discover contamination that consumed their entire contingency and then some.

Environmental conditions also affect your timeline. Remediation takes time, and lenders and investors need certainty about when a site will be clean and ready for construction. Factor environmental risk into your site selection decision, not just your budget.

6. Market Demand and Absorption

A site can check every physical and political box and still be the wrong choice if the market cannot absorb the units you intend to build. Market studies are required for LIHTC applications, and they should be required for your own decision making whether or not a state agency mandates them.

Understand the demand for affordable housing in the specific submarket where your site is located. How many income qualified households are in the area? What is the vacancy rate at comparable properties? Are there other developments in the pipeline that will compete for the same residents? These questions determine whether your project leases up on schedule or struggles to fill units.

7. Site Configuration and Development Costs

Not all land is created equal. Topography, soil conditions, lot shape, and size all affect what you can build and what it will cost. A large flat site with good soil is a different proposition than a steep, irregularly shaped parcel that requires extensive grading and foundation work.

Per unit development costs are scrutinized by state housing finance agencies, investors, and lenders. A site that drives up construction costs without adding units can make an otherwise viable deal unworkable. Evaluate the physical characteristics of the site with your architect and general contractor before you finalize acquisition.

8. Acquisition Cost and Basis

The price you pay for the land directly affects your eligible basis in a LIHTC deal, your total development cost, and your ability to structure a deal that pencils. Land that is donated, discounted, or publicly held can fundamentally change the economics of a project.

This is where municipal relationships matter. Cities and counties that are serious about affordable housing sometimes make publicly owned land available at below market prices or contribute land as part of a larger incentive package. As Promise Place demonstrates, significant city resources can make a 4% deal viable where it otherwise would not be. Land is often the first and most important city contribution.

9. Scoring Criteria Alignment

If you are pursuing LIHTC, your site selection should be informed by your state's Qualified Allocation Plan. The QAP sets the scoring criteria for competitive 9% applications and the threshold requirements for 4% deals. Different states prioritize different site characteristics: some reward proximity to transit, others reward location in high opportunity areas, others reward community revitalization efforts.

At MHDC, I saw applications that were strong in every other respect fall short because the site did not align with what the commission was prioritizing in that funding round. Read the QAP before you select your site. Understand what the state is looking for. Then choose a site that gives your application the strongest possible position.

10. Long Term Neighborhood Trajectory

This is the factor that separates experienced developers from first timers. A site exists in a neighborhood, and that neighborhood is either improving, stable, or declining. Your project will be affected by that trajectory for the entire 15 year compliance period and beyond.

Look at the neighborhood with a 20 year lens. Is there public investment coming? Are there other developments in the pipeline? Is the population growing or shrinking? Are schools improving? Is there a comprehensive plan or an economic development corridor plan that signals where the city is directing resources?

When I was on the City Council, I helped create economic development corridor plans that directed investment to underserved neighborhoods. I camped out for six days at 39th and Prospect to focus attention on decades of poor urban planning, redlining, and discrimination. Those efforts resulted in a citizen driven economic development corridor plan and attracted multimillion dollar investments to the area. The developers who paid attention to where the city was investing were the ones who selected the best sites.

The Through Line

These 10 factors are not a checklist you run through once and file away. They are a framework for thinking about how a piece of land connects to the families who will eventually live on it. Zoning, transit, services, community support, environmental conditions, market demand, site configuration, acquisition cost, scoring criteria, and neighborhood trajectory. Every one of them affects whether a project succeeds or fails, whether families get housed or do not.

At The Nash Group, every site we select reflects a simple conviction: where you live shapes who you become. We bring lived experience to that decision, because we know what is at stake when it is wrong. The dirt matters. Choose it carefully.

Dr. Troy Nash is CEO and Co-Founder of The Nash Group, LLC. He served as Chairman of the Planning, Zoning, and Economic Development Committee on the Kansas City City Council (2003-2007) and as Vice Chairman of the Missouri Housing Development Commission (2009-2017). He currently serves as a Professor in the Executive MBA Program and Director of the Lewis White Real Estate Center at the UMKC Henry W. Bloch School of Management.

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By Troy Nash March 19, 2026
I grew up in public housing. Section 8. Kansas City, Missouri. That is not a metaphor or a brand story. That is where I slept at night. My mother raised us without much, but she raised us with an understanding that where you start does not determine where you finish. I took that seriously. Maybe more seriously than she intended, because by the time I was done, I had collected nine academic degrees, traveled to more than 50 countries, served on the Kansas City Council, been appointed to the Missouri Housing Development Commission by the governor, joined the boards of a bank, a university, and a national development company, and built a real estate advisory firm that operates across multiple states. Savoy Magazine named me among the Most Influential Black Executives in Corporate America in 2020 and again in 2022. Ingram's Magazine put me on their list of 50 Missourians You Should Know in 2015. I am telling you this not to impress you but to establish a fact: the trajectory from public housing to national recognition is documented. It is not a claim. It is a record. The Arc Nine degrees sounds excessive until you understand the logic. Each degree opened a door that the previous one could not. A bachelor's degree got me into law school. Law school gave me the tools to understand policy. A master's in public administration taught me how government actually works from the inside. An MBA taught me how capital flows. A doctorate gave me the credibility to teach at a university. Every credential was a strategic investment in the next phase of the work. People ask me why I kept going back to school. The answer is simple: every time I reached the next level of my career, I discovered that I needed knowledge I did not yet have. When I entered government, I needed to understand public administration. When I started doing development deals, I needed to understand finance. When I wanted to teach at a university, I needed the terminal degree. Education was never the goal. It was always the tool. The Kansas City Council taught me how cities make decisions. Chairing the Planning, Zoning, and Economic Development Committee showed me the full machinery of urban development: the politics, the financing, the community dynamics, and the trade-offs that nobody talks about publicly. Every major development project in Kansas City crossed my desk. Every zoning change. Every tax abatement. Every TIF district. I saw how the system worked from the inside, and that education was more valuable than any degree. The Missouri Housing Commission taught me how states allocate Low Income Housing Tax Credits. As a commissioner appointed by Governor Jay Nixon, I sat on the other side of the table from the developers who submitted applications. I evaluated their proposals. I participated in discussions about which projects deserved limited state resources. That experience is available from almost nobody in the private sector, because almost nobody in the private sector has served as a housing commissioner. Traveling to 50 countries was not tourism. It was education. I studied housing systems in Europe, urban planning models in Asia, community development approaches in Africa and Latin America. In Cuba, I studied a healthcare delivery model that puts a doctor in every neighborhood, and I brought that concept back to Kansas City, where it eventually influenced our approach to co-locating healthcare with affordable housing. Every country taught me something. Every lesson informed the work. Why I Built The Nash Group After years in government and education, I understood something that most people in this field do not: the gap between policy and execution is where communities get hurt. Policies exist. Funding exists. Tax credits exist. But the people who can actually structure a deal, navigate the politics, manage the construction, and deliver housing that serves the community are rare. There are plenty of policy experts who cannot execute. There are plenty of builders who do not understand policy. There are plenty of consultants who have never served in government. The Nash Group exists because I have done all three, and I built a firm that brings all three capabilities to every project. We do not just advise. We develop. We do not just develop. We teach. The Lewis White Real Estate Center at UMKC, where I serve as director, trains the next generation of real estate professionals using the same principles that built the firm. That is not a side project. It is core to the mission, because the problems we work on will outlast any individual career. What This Story Means For You If you are a prospective client evaluating whether to work with us, here is what my story tells you: I have been on every side of this table. I have been the resident who needed housing. I have been the elected official who voted on housing policy. I have been the commissioner who allocated tax credits. I have been the developer who built the housing. And I have been the professor who teaches others how to do it. That is not a typical resume in this industry. Most people know one side. I know all of them. And that knowledge shows up in every project we touch, because we understand not just what needs to be built but why it matters and who it serves. When we sit across the table from a housing finance agency, we understand their perspective because I have been a commissioner. When we engage with a city council on an entitlement approval, we understand the political dynamics because I chaired the committee that made those decisions. When we structure a capital stack, we understand the investor's requirements because I have an MBA and have closed these deals myself. When we engage with community residents, we understand their concerns because I grew up in public housing and I have lived in the conditions that bad housing creates. The kid from Section 8 did not forget where he came from. He turned it into a career that has generated hundreds of millions of dollars in community investment across multiple cities. That is the power of refusing to accept your starting point as your endpoint. Thirty years. Nine degrees. Fifty countries. And it all started in public housing in Kansas City. ================================================================= THEME 2: AFFORDABLE HOUSING DEVELOPMENT =================================================================
By Troy Nash March 19, 2026
People always want to know how I got here. They see the degrees, the developments, the board seats, and they assume there was some master plan. There was not. What there was, at the very beginning, was a kitchen table and a set of circumstances that demanded I do something about them. In 1995, I was 25 years old, a law student at the University of Missouri-Kansas City, living with my wife Sherrie in a house on Charlotte Street near Brookside. My three older brothers — Harvey, Daryl, and Todd — were smart men with no credentials and no clear path forward. They had the ability but not the access. Nobody had shown them how to navigate the system that separates people who can from people who do. I decided that if nobody else was going to do it, I would. Every Saturday at 10 a.m., we held a formal meeting at my house. I sat at that kitchen table and worked with all three of my brothers. We went through the material together. We talked about what college actually was, what it required, and what it could open up. The brothers all wore ties. They rose when they spoke, observed parliamentary procedure, and referred to one another by formal titles. It was not some grand philanthropic project. This was family. These were my brothers, and they were too talented to stay where they were. There is a particular kind of frustration that comes from watching people you love operate below their potential. Not because they are lazy or incapable, but because nobody ever sat them down and said: here is how this works. Here is what you need to do. Here is the path. My brothers had spent their entire lives in a system that was not designed to show them that path. The schools they attended were underfunded. The neighborhoods they grew up in were disinvested. The message they received from every institutional interaction was that people like them did not go to college. I rejected that message. And then I spent months proving it wrong, one brother at a time. One by one, each of them enrolled in college. The conversations were not always easy. When you are an adult who has been out of school for years, the idea of going back feels impossible. You feel too old. You feel too far behind. You feel like the opportunity has passed. My job was to break through that feeling and replace it with evidence: here is the application. Here is the financial aid form. Here is the course catalog. You can do this. I will help you. My mother watched her sons transform their lives, and then she did the same thing. At 55 years old, my mother earned her GED. She looked at what her boys were doing and decided she was not going to be left behind. That is the most powerful thing I have ever witnessed in my life. A woman who had spent decades raising children in public housing, who had every reason to believe that her own educational moment had passed, looked at her sons and said: if they can do it, so can I. She was right. Why This Matters I tell this story not because it makes for a good profile piece, although it does. I tell it because it explains everything that came after. Every development I have built, every policy I have fought for, every classroom I have taught in comes from the same impulse that put me at that kitchen table: if the people around you have the ability but not the access, you create the access. This was not about charity. It was about refusing to accept that my family's circumstances were permanent. The housing projects where I grew up taught me that systems create conditions, and conditions shape lives. But they also taught me that individuals can break those conditions if somebody shows up with a plan and the willingness to execute it. My brothers did not need saving. They needed a bridge. That is the same thing I have spent the last 30 years building for communities across this country. Different scale, same principle. The parallel to affordable housing development is direct. When we build housing in an underserved neighborhood, we are not rescuing the community. We are providing infrastructure that allows the talent and determination that already exists in that community to flourish. The families who move into our developments are not charity cases. They are people who need a bridge between where they are and where they want to be. Quality, affordable housing is that bridge. The same is true of the policy work. When I sat on the Kansas City Council and fought for investment in East Side neighborhoods, I was not arguing that those neighborhoods were helpless. I was arguing that they deserved the same public infrastructure that the rest of the city took for granted. The people were capable. The systems had failed them. The Lesson When people evaluate The Nash Group, they are evaluating whether we actually care about the communities we serve. I understand that skepticism because I have seen plenty of developers who treat affordable housing as a transaction. Build the units, collect the credits, move on. That is not us. Our commitment to community transformation predates the company. It predates my career. It started at a kitchen table in Kansas City with a 25 year old kid who refused to watch his brothers get left behind. My mother earning her GED at 55 proved something I have believed ever since: it is never too late, and nobody is beyond reach. That conviction shows up in every project we take on. When we build housing in a neighborhood that has been disinvested for decades, we do not just build units. We build the infrastructure that lets people reach for something better. The Kansas City Star covered this story in 1995, back when I was just getting started. They saw a young man helping his family. What I see, looking back, is the foundational act that defined everything. If you can change your family, you can change a block. If you can change a block, you can change a neighborhood. If you can change a neighborhood, you can change a city. That is not a slogan. That is a 30 year track record. And it started with three brothers, a kitchen table, and a refusal to accept that where you start is where you finish.
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